The first mentions of the instrument date back to the 15th century. Many art historians believe it is the result of the evolution of so-called slide trumpets. To change the pitch, they had to be moved along a special piece that served as an extension of the mouthpiece. Then, craftsmen had the idea to move only the moving part of the instrument. Thus, the double slide was born.
The ancestor of the modern trombone was called "sackbut" and looked more compact. In the first half of the 19th century, its design underwent several changes. A German craftsman, Christian Zatler, managed to invent an additional detail - the quarter valve. The instrument gained the ability to sound a fourth lower, producing new, previously unattainable sounds. The quarter valve is activated by pulling a chain attached to the phalanx of the thumb.
Since then, the design of the trombone has not changed, except for an unsuccessful attempt to add another valve, like those on trumpets and French horns. The innovation improved usability, but the sound became much worse. As a result, the idea was rejected.
This instrument was first used in France to perform concert orchestral music. For many decades, the trombone sounded alongside other members of the symphonic orchestra. However, over time, its functions expanded - it began to perform solo parts. For example, a beautiful trombone solo can be quoted from M. Glinka's (1839) “Maltese Fantasy” and Maurice Ravel's (1928) famous “Bolero.”
Over the years, the popularity of the instrument has steadily increased. Partly because, thanks to new technology, the trombone became more complex. At the same time, there was interest in retro models from past years. For those wishing to learn to play the trombone, there are many textbooks and research collections written for beginners by well-known composers.
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